ACE-1 CD-ROM Set Overview
1.0 General Project Description
The Problem
Microscopic atmospheric aerosol particles can cool the Earth's surface by
reflecting sunlight back into space. When present in large quantities, these
particles form a visible haze. Many of the larger particles can form cloud
droplets which also reflect incoming solar radiation. Although atmospheric
aerosols are chemically complex and may be influenced strongly by local
emissions, one consistent feature, world-wide, is a strong presence of sulfate.
Before the industrial period these particles were formed from sulfur
gases emitted from the ocean and volcanoes. Today, the major source of
atmospheric sulfate particles is the sulfur dioxide emitted from fuel
combustion by power plants and industry.
It is difficult to calculate the effect of aerosol particles on the Earth's
climate because of a lack of globally distributed data and a clear understanding
of the processes that link gas emissions with particle formation and growth.
Present estimates of the cooling over industrial regions (eastern USA,
Europe, eastern Asia) due to the sulfate haze alone is slightly greater on a
regional basis than the warming due to greenhouse gases produced by
human activities. However, the uncertainties in these estimates are very
high. Estimates of the cooling which results from aerosols forming additional
cloud droplets are even more uncertain.
The Plan
The International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Program (IGAC) has
planned a series of experiments to better understand the chemical, physical,
and radiative properties of atmospheric aerosols and the processes which
control these properties. The goals of these Aerosol Characterization
Experiments (ACE) are to provide the necessary data to incorporate aerosol
particles into global climate models and to reduce the overall uncertainty in
calculating the climatic effect of aerosols.
The first experiment, ACE-1, took place in the minimally polluted
marine atmosphere south of Australia (NOAA/PMEL, 1995). Non-sea-salt
sulfate aerosol particles in the remote marine atmosphere are thought to
have only one primary gaseous precursor, dimethlysulfide (DMS), thereby
simplifying studies involving the formation and growth of the aerosol. This
marine environment also afforded an opportunity to study the properties of
natural aerosols and thus provides a background from which to compare and
quantify any human induced changes. Initial results from ACE-1 can be
found in a Special Section of the Journal of Geophysical Research (volume
103, 16,297-16,758, 1998).
The experiment involved scientists from 44 research institutions in
11 countries and included measurements from the NCAR C-130, the NOAA
research vessel Discoverer, the Australian fisheries research vessel
Southern Surveyor, and land-based stations at Cape Grim and Macquarie
Island, Australia and Baring Head, New Zealand. Observations from these
six platforms will be compared with simultaneous satellite measurements to
test and improve models of sunlight reflection by atmospheric particles.
The Benefits
The experiment will provide data on:
1. the chemical composition, size distribution, and radiative and cloud
nucleating properties of aerosols in the marine atmosphere,
2. the amount of biogenic sulfur (DMS) released from the ocean to the
atmosphere,
3. the rates and efficiencies of sulfur gas oxidation in the marine
atmosphere, and
4. the rates and efficiencies of the processes controlling the
formation, growth, distribution, and removal of particles in the marine
atmosphere.
These data will be used to test regional and global aerosol climate models
and thus produce more accurate assessments of the climatic effect of
aerosol particles. The net result will be more accurate predictions of climate
change. Since climate change may cause some regions to become more
arid while others experience more frequent flooding, heavier snowfall or
more severe storms, the ability to accurately predict regional climate
changes will have a tremendous economic impact.
ACE-1 is the first in a series of experiments. The understanding gained
in ACE-1 will be used to study progressively more complex environments.
ACE-2 will extend these studies to the North Atlantic Ocean and focus on
the anthropogenic aerosols from the European continent and desert dust
from the African continent.
ACE-1 was conducted from 15 November 1995 to 14 December 1995 over the
Southwest Pacific Ocean, South of Australia and involved the joint efforts
of the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project's (IGAC) Aerosol
Characterization and Process Studies (ACAPS) Activity and Marine Aerosol
and Gas Exchange (MAGE) Activity.
Major funding for ACE-1 has been provided by:
The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), Atmospheric Chemistry Program
The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Office of Global Programs
The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),
Office of Global Programs
The U.S. National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA)
The Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization (CSIRO)
The Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM)
The Australian Antarctic Division (ANARE)
The New Zealand National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)
2.0 ACD-1 CD-ROM Set
The ACE-1 CD-ROM set consists of two CD-ROMs which contain data
including chemistry and in situ data, soundings, amd several types of
imagery collected from the C-130, the Research Vessel Discoverer, the
Southern Surveyor, Cape Grim, Macquarie Island, and other surface sites.
For each dataset, the data and associated documentation are both located
in the same directory. In each directory, files with the ".htm" suffix
have been included that allow the user to peruse the ACE-1 CD-ROMs with
any web browser. To access either CD-ROM using the ".htm" files, follow
the Quick Start Capability section below.
Quick Start Capability
Insert either CD-ROM in the CD drive. Open any web browser. Access
the file ACESTART.HTM in the root directory of either CD-ROM to
begin navigation. The ACESTART.HTM file is the entry point for
examining each ACE-1 CD-ROM with a web browser.
All files are also accessible using any file manager.
Note that this set of CD-ROMs contains only a subset of the complete
ACE-1 data set. See the ACE-1 Data Management Plan Document (UCAR, 1995)
for specific details regarding the complete data set. Information on
access to the complete ACE-1 data set is described in section 4.0.
3.0 ACE-1 CD-ROM General Description
The ACE-1 CD-ROM 1 is divided into ten high-level directories (i.e.,
/baringhd, /c130, /capegrim, /disco, /index, /mac_i, /moreinfo, /sfcsnd,
/surveyor, and /trajgasp) and contains most of the ACE-1 ASCII data. The
ACE-1 CD-ROM 2 is also divided into ten high-level directories (i.e., /c130,
/capegrim, /disco, /index, /model, /moreinfo, /oper_ua, /sat, /trajgasp,
and /trajmrf) and contains some ACE-1 ASCII data and the ACE-1 imagery.
Several of the high_level directories on the ACE-1 CD-ROMs are further divided
into subdirectories, depending on the nature of the data contained within
that directory. Each directory contains a distinct set of data. Different
datasets are located in separate directories. Directory names and data file
names are never more than eight prefix characters followed by three suffix
characters and are compatible with personal computer name limitations. File
sizes vary according to the type of data contained in the dataset. Detailed
descriptions for each dataset (".txt" files) are located with that dataset in
the same directory. The user should review all associated documents for each
dataset which is extracted from either CD-ROM. A brief description of the
data contained in each high-level directory is given below.
3.1 ACE-1 CD-ROM 1 Directory Structure
Figure 1 - ACE-1 CD-ROM 1 Directory Structure
|____/baringhd
|
|____/c130
| |
| |____/in_situ
| |____/palt
|
|____/capegrim
| |
| |____/in_situ
| |____/iss_clas
| |____/met
|
|____/disco
| |
| |____/in_situ
| |____/iss_clas
| |____/smart
|
|____/index
|
|____/mac_i
| |
| |____/brec_cn
| |____/brecufcn
| |____/dick
| |____/harvey
| |____/iss_clas
| |____/kr_dmps
/___| |____/met
| |____/swan_dms
| |____/whit_bt
| |____/whit_rad
|
|____/moreinfo
| |
| |____/aircraft
| |____/daily
| |____/docsum
|
|____/sfcsnd
| |
| |____/mhb
| |____/mlv
| |____/mmg
| |____/pad
|
|____/surveyor
| |
| |____/chloro
| |____/ctd
| |____/curr_dms
| |____/hydro
| |____/iss_clas
| |____/nav
| |____/underway
| |____/whit_bt
| |____/whit_rad
|
|____/trajgasp
|
|____/c130
|____/disco
|____/land
|____/ship
|____/smart
3.1.1 /baringhd
This directory contains the ACE-1 Baring Head radon data. These data
are located in a single file named radon.dat.
3.1.2 /c130
This directory contains the ACE-1 C-130 data. The /in_situ subdirectory
contains the C-130 in situ data divided amongst 22 separate subdirectories.
The /palt subdirectory contains the C-130 corrected pressure altitude data.
The /palt subdirectory contains the C-130 corrected pressure altitude.
Each file is named alt_rNN.dat where NN is the C-130 flight number. An
example for flight six is alt_r06.dat.
The /in_situ subdirectory contains 21 subdirectories named /bandy,
/baumclou, /baumspec, /blake_gc, /blake_in, /bradshaw, /clar_cnc, /clar_cnr,
/clar_dma, /clar_nep, /clar_opc, /eiseleoh, /fltparms, /hudson, /hue_avg,
/hue_cai, kok_co, /kok_co2, /kok_h2o2, /kok_o3, /mcmurry, /russell.
Each subdirectory is described below.
/bandy contains the C-130 sulfur dioxide (SO2) and dimethylsulfide (DMS)
measurements in files named fltxx.dat where xx is the flight number. An
example for flight 28 is flt28.dat.
/baumclou contains the C-130 Multiangle Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (MASP)
statistical cloud pass data in files named rxxcloud.dat where xx is the
flight number. An example for flight 11 is r11cloud.dat.
/baumspec contains the C-130 composite particle probe spectra in files
named rfxxx.dat where xxx is the flight number. An example for flight 26 is
rf26.dat.
/blake_gc contains the C-130 Gas Chromatograph (GC) data in files named
ace1_xx.dat where xx is the flight number. An example for flight 5 is
ace1_05.dat.
/blake_in contains the C-130 GC sample inventory in a single file named
uci_ace1.dat.
/bradshaw contains the C-130 nitric oxide measurements in a single file
named brad_no.dat.
/clar_cnc contains the C-130 Condensation Nuclei (CN) clean data in files
named cnxx.dat where xx is the flight number. An example for flight 4 is
cn04.dat.
/clar_cnr contains the C-130 CN raw data in files named cnxx.dat where xx
is the flight number. An example for flight 4 is cn04.dat.
/clar_dma contains the C-130 Differential Mobility Analyzer (DMA)
measurements in files named fxxdma.dat where xx is the flight number.
An example for flight 14 is f14dma.dat.
/clar_nep contains the C-130 aerosol light scattering data in files named
fltxxs.dat where xx is the flight number. An example for flight 31 would be
flt31s.dat.
/clar_opc contains the C-130 Optical Particle Counter (OPC) Size Distribution
Data in files named fxxopc.dat where xx is the flight number. An example for
flight 1 is f01opc.dat.
/eiseleoh contains the C-130 oxides of hydrogen (OH), sulfuric acid (H2SO4),
MSA measurements in files named flightxx.dat where xx is the flight number.
An example for flight 18 is flight18.dat.
/fltparms contains the C-130 flight line parameters in files named flp_rxx.dat
where xx is the flight number. An example for flight 9 would be flp_r09.dat.
/hudson contains the C-130 Desert Research Institute (DRI) Cloud
Condensation Nuclei (CCN) and CN datasets. The horizontal legs data are
contained in files named MMMDDhn.dat where MMM is either nov for
November 1995 or dec for December 1995, DD is the day of month. An
example for 28 November 1995 is nov28hn.dat. The horizontal legs - cloud
free data are contained in files named MMMDDhcn.dat where MMM is either
nov for November 1995 or dec for December 1995, DD is the day of month.
An example for 28 November 1995 is nov28hcn.dat. The aircraft soundings
data are contained in files named MMMDDsn.dat where MMM is either nov
for November 1995 or dec for December 1995, DD is the day of month. An
example for 2 December 1995 is dec02sn.dat. The aircraft soundings - cloud
free data are contained in files named MMMDDscn.dat where MMM is either
nov for November 1995 or dec for December 1995, DD is the day of month.
An example for 2 December 1995 is dec02scn.dat.
/hue_avg contains the C-130 suggested averaging times in a single file
named avglegsh.dat.
/hue_cai contains the C-130 filter chemistry samples in a single file named
c130filt.dat.
/kok_co contains the C-130 carbon monoxide concentration data in files
named rfxxx.dat where xxx is the flight number. An example for flight 30 is
rf30.dat.
/kok_co2 contains the C-130 carbon dioxide concentration data in files
named rfxxx.dat where xxx is the flight number. An example for flight 23 is
rf23.dat.
/kok_h2o2 contains the C-130 hydrogen peroxide concentration data in files
named rfxxx.dat where xxx is the flight number. An example for flight 1 is
rf01.dat.
/kok_o3 contains the C-130 ozone concentration data in files named rfxxx.dat
where xxx is the flight number. An example for flight 03 is rf03.dat.
/mcmurry contains the C-130 particle concentration data in files named
550_rfxx.dat where xx is the flight number. An example for flight 26 is
550_rf26.dat.
/russell contains the C-130 Radially-Classified Aerosol Detector (RCAD)
aerosol measurements further divided into subdirectories by julian day.
Each julian day subdirectory contains the data for that day in files named
JJJjjjj.dat where JJJ is the julian day and jjjj is the decimal julian time. An
example for Julian day 310 with julian decimal date of 310.6639 is
3106639.dat, in subdirectory 310.
3.1.3 /capegrim
This directory contains the ACE-1 Cape Grim data. The /in_situ
subdirectory contains the ACE-1 Cape Grim in situ data, the /iss_clas
subdirectory contains the Integrated Sounding System (ISS) final high
vertical resolution balloon data for Cape Grim, and the /met subdirectory
contains the Cape Grim minute and hourly meteorological data.
The /iss_clas subdirectory contains the ISS final high vertical resolution
balloon data. Each file in this directory is named cpgMDDHH.dat where M is
a single hex digit indicating the month ("b" for November 1995, "c" for
December 1995), DD is the date, and HH is the hour of the UTC nominal
launch time. An example for 7 December 1995 at 00 hours is cpgc0700.dat.
The /met subdirectory contains the Cape Grim raw minute meteorological
data in a single file named met_min.dat and processed hourly meteorological
data in a single file named met_hrly.dat.
The /in_situ subdirectory is divided into eighteen subdirectories named
/anderson, /ayerh2o2, /cainey, /covert, /galbally, /gras_ccn, /gras_dms,
/grasaeth, /hudson, /hue_filt, /hue_mass, /hue_moud, /murphy, /rood,
/siev_ion, /wei_dmps, /whit_bt, /whit_rad. Each subdirectory is described
below.
/anderson contains the Cape Grim individual particle data combined
composition and size/shape data in a single file named anderson.dat.
/ayerh2o2 contains the Cape Grim peroxides data in a single file named
ayerh2o2.dat.
/cainey contains the Cape Grim ion chromatography measurements in a
single file named cainey.dat.
/covert contains the Cape Grim particle concentration data in a single
file named covert.dat.
/galbally contains the Cape Grim ozone, Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Volatile
Organic Compounds (VOC) measurements. The Cape Grim NOx data are
contained in a single file named nox.dat. The ozone data are contained in a
single file named o3.dat. The VOC baseline measurements are contained in
a single file named voc_base.dat. The VOC non baseline data are contained
in a single file named voc_nonb.dat.
/gras_ccn contains the Cape Grim CCN data in a single file named
gras_ccn.dat.
/gras_dms contains the Cape Grim Dimethylsulfide (DMS) measurements in
a single file named gras_dms.dat.
/grasaeth contains the Cape Grim aethalometer data in a single file named
grasaeth.dat.
/hudson contains the Cape Grim CCN and CN data in files named decDDn.dat
where DD is the date. An example for 6 December 1995 is dec06n.dat.
/hue_filt contains the Cape Grim filter samples in a single file named
cgfilter.dat.
/hue_mass contains the Cape Grim Micro-Orifice Uniform Deposition
Impactor (MOUDI) mass data in a single file named hue_mass.dat.
/hue_moud contains the Cape Grim MOUDI data in a single file named
hue_moud.dat.
/murphy contains the Cape Grim Particle Analysis by Laser Mass
Spectrometry (PALMS) data and auxiliary measurements. The /murphy
subdirectory is divided into three subdirectories named /mscgneg, /mscgpos,
and /mscountr. The Cape Grim PALMS mass spectrometry negative ion spectrum
data are contained in the /mscgneg subdirectory in files named
YYYYMMDD.dat where YYYY is the year, MM is the month, and DD is the
date. An example for 18 November 1995 is 19951118.dat. The Cape Grim
PALMS mass spectrometry positive ion spectrum data are contained in the
/mscgpos subdirectory in files named YYYYMMDD.dat where YYYY is the
year, MM is the month, and DD is the date. An example for 12 November
1995 is 19951112.dat. The Cape Grim auxiliary measurements are contained
in the /mscountr subdirectory in a single file named mscountr.dat.
/rood contains the Cape Grim light scattering data in a single file named
scatrood.dat.
/siev_ion contains the Cape Grim aerosol ion data in files named xx.dat
where xx represents the nominal diameter size. An example for data with a
nominal diameter of 0.5-1 micrometer would be 05.dat.
/wei_dmps contains the Cape Grim particle size distribution data in a single
file named grdmps.dat.
/whit_bt contains the Cape Grim radon back trajectory summary in a single
file named whit_bt.dat.
/whit_rad contains the Cape Grim radon measurements in a single file
named 701_grim.dat.
3.1.4 /disco
This directory contains the ACE-1 R/V Discoverer data. The /disco
directory is divided into three subdirectories named /in_situ, /iss_clas, and
/smart. The /in_situ subdirectory contains the R/V Discoverer in situ data,
the /iss_clas subdirectory contains the R/V Discoverer ISS high vertical
resolution balloon data, and the /smart subdirectory contains the
upper air smart balloon data.
The /iss_clas subdirectory contains the R/V Discoverer ISS high vertical
resolution balloon data in files named disMDDHH.dat where M is a single hex
digit indicating the month ("a" for October 1995, "b" for November 1995, or
"c" for December 1995), and DD is the date, and HH is the hour of the UTC
nominal launch time. An example for 15 November 1995 at 1200 hours UTC is
disb1512.dat.
The /smart subdirectory contains the upper air smart balloon data
in file named MMDDHHmm.dat where MM is the month, DD is the day, HH is
the hour, and mm is the minutes (UTC). An example for 1 December 1995
at 1232 is 12011232.dat.
The /in_situ subdirectory is subdivided into seventeen other
subdirectories named /batesdms, /cars_no, /cars_no2, /cars_noy, /feelyco2,
/johnson, /moore, /prin_air, /prin_wat, /quinn, /salt_so2, /siev_ion, /suzu_doc,
/suzu_pos, /swietlic, /whit_bt, and /zafiriou.
/batesdms contains the R/V Discoverer DMS measurements in a single file
named pmeldms3.dat.
/cars_no contains the Nitric Oxide (NO) data in a single file named
ace1_no.dat.
/cars_no2 contains the R/V Discoverer Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) measured by
chemiluminescence in a single file named ace1_no2.dat.
/cars_noy contains the NOy data in a single file named ace1_noy.dat.
/feelyco2 contains the R/V Discoverer Carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements
in a single file named rits_co2.dat.
/moore contains the R/V Discoverer methyl halide data in a single file
named grozko.dat.
/prin_air contains the R/V Discoverer Nonmethane Hydrocarbon (NMHC) air
data in a single file named nmhc_air.dat.
/prin_wat contains the R/V Discoverer NMHC water data in a single file
named nmhc_wat.dat.
/salt_so2 contains the R/V Discoverer Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) measurements in
a single file named so2.dat.
/siev_ion contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol ion data for leg 1 in a single
file named trans_ic.dat.
/suzu_doc contains the R/V Discoverer Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) leg
1 and leg 2 datasets in two files named leg1.dat and leg2.dat, respectively.
/suzu_pos contains the R/V Discoverer Organic Sulfur (POS), Organic
Carbon (POC), Organic Nitrogen (PON) data in a single file named
suzu_pos.dat.
/swietlic contains the R/V Discoverer Hygroscopic Tandem Differential
Mobility Analyzer (H-TDMA) aerosol datasets in files named:
l1_165nm.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 165nm aerosol data (leg 1),
l1_35nm.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 035nm aerosol leg 1 data,
l1_50nm.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 050nm aerosol leg 1 data,
l1_50rh.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 50RH aerosol leg 1 data,
l1_75nm.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 075nm aerosol leg 1 data,
l2_150nm.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 150nm aerosol leg 2 data,
l2_35nm.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 035nm aerosol leg 2 data,
l2_50nm.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 050nm aerosol leg 2 data, and
l2_50rh.dat for the R/V Discoverer H-TDMA 50RH aerosol leg 2 data.
/whit_bt contains the R/V Discoverer radon back trajectory summary in a
single file named whit_bt.dat.
/zafiriou contains the R/V Discoverer dissolved carbon monoxide (CO) in two
files named zafirio1.dat and zafirio2.dat.
/johnson subdirectory is further subdivided into nine subdirectories named
/co, /ctd, /met_1m, /met_30m, /no, /o3, /ozone, /seawater, and /spectro.
Each subdirectory is described below.
/co contains the R/V Discoverer carbon monoxide measurements in a single
file named co.dat.
/ctd contains the R/V Discoverer Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) data.
Within the /ctd subdirectory there are cast, closed, and chlorophyll data
files. The chlorophyll data are contained in a single file named chlorsta.dat.
For each CTD cast there are 2 data files. The cast data set gives readings
from the cast and are in files named asNNNNN.dat . The closed data set
gives readings from when each Niskin bottle was closed and are in files
named diNNNNN.dat. NNNNN in each file name is a 5 digit number where the first
digit refers to the leg of the cruise (1 or 2), the next 3 digits refer to the
station number, and the last digit is the cast number at that station. For
example 10121 would be leg 1, station number 12, cast 1. The cast and
closed files for 10121 would be as10121.dat and di10121.dat, respectively.
/met_1m contains the R/V Discoverer 1-minute meteorological and chemical
measurements in a single file named 1m286346.dat.
/met_30m contains the 30-minute R/V Discoverer meteorological and
chemical measurements in a single file named 95atm30.dat.
/no contains the R/V Discoverer nitric oxide measurements in a single file
named no.dat.
/o3 contains the R/V Discoverer ozone measurements in a single file named
o3.dat.
/ozone contains the R/V Discoverer ozone sonde measurements in files
named MMDDHHNN.dat where MM is the month, DD is the day, HH is the
hour, and NN is the minutes (UTC). An example for October 16, 1995 at 2222
is 10162222.dat.
/seawater contains the 30-Minute R/V Discoverer seawater and chemistry
measurements in a single file named 95sw30.dat
/spectro contains the R/V Discoverer spectroradiometer measurements
with the 300-589 nm measurements in file ts_spec1.dat and the
600-850 nm measurements in file ts_spec2.dat. /spectro is the last
subdirectory in /johnson.
/quinn subdirectory contains seventeen subdirectories named /atmnh3, /dist,
/grav1, /grav2, /imp2, /imp7, /leg1aps, /leg1dmps, /leg1corr, /leg2aps,
/leg2corr, /leg2dmps, /nph, /photo, /pmel2, /pmel7, and /swphnh3. Each
subdirectory is described below.
/atmnh3 contains the R/V Discoverer gas phase ammonia (NH3) concentrations
data in a single file named atmnh3fl.dat.
/dist contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol size distributions data in a single
file named fin_dist.dat.
/grav1 contains the R/V Discoverer leg 1 impactor data for gravimetric
analysis in a single file named l1_2_grv.dat.
/grav2 contains the R/V Discoverer leg 2 impactor data for gravimetric
analysis in a single file named grav2.dat.
/imp2 contains the R/V Discoverer 2-stage impactor data in a single file
named l2_imp2.dat.
/imp7 contains the R/V Discoverer 7-stage impactor data in twelve data files,
one for each parameter. The bromine data are in br.dat, calcium data are in
ca.dat, chlorine data are in cl.dat, potassium data are in K.dat, magnesium
data are in mg.dat, MSA data are in msa.dat, sodium data are in na.dat,
ammonium (NH4) data are in nh4.dat, NO3 data are in no3.dat, non-seasalt
sulfate (SO4) data are in so4_nss.dat, the seasalt SO4 data are in
so4_sea.dat, and the total SO4 data are in so4_tot.dat.
/leg1aps contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol size distributions data in a
single file named l1_aps.dat.
/leg1corr contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol size distributions data (leg 1 -
corrected) in files named l1_xx.dat where xx is the impactor sampling period.
An example for period 22 is l1_22.dat.
/leg1dmps contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol size distributions data (leg 1 -
dmps) in a single file l1_dmps.dat.
/leg2aps contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol size distributions data (leg 2 -
aps) in a single file named l2_aps.dat.
/leg2corr contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol size distributions data (leg 2 -
corrected) in files named l2_xx.dat where xx is the impactor sampling period.
An example for period 33 is l2_33.dat.
/leg2dmps contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol size distributions data (Leg 2 -
dmps) in a single file named l2_dmps.dat.
/nph contains the R/V Discoverer total aerosol light scattering and light
absorption data in a single file named nph60.dat.
/photo contains the R/V Discoverer aerosol optical depth in a single file
named quin_aod.dat.
/pmel2 contains the R/V Discoverer 2-stage, leg 1 impactor data in a single
file named pmel2_l1.dat.
/pmel7 contains the R/V Discoverer 7-stage leg 1 impactor data in files
named for the measured parameter. The bromine data are in br.dat, calcium
data are in ca.dat, chlorine data are in cl.dat, potassium data are in K.dat,
magnesium data are in mg.dat, MSA data are in msa.dat, sodium data are
in na.dat, NH4 data are in nh4.dat, NO3 data are in no3.dat, non-seasalt
SO4 data are in so4_nss.dat, the seasalt SO4 data are in so4_sea.dat, and
the total SO4 data are in so4_tot.dat.
/swphnh3 contains the R/V Discoverer Surface seawater pH and total
ammonia in a single file named swphnh3.dat. /swphnh3 is the last /quinn
subdirectory.
3.1.5 /index
This directory contains the master indices for all the datasets on
the ACE-1 CD-ROMs. It is a collection of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
documents for CD navigation. Open the file index.htm in a web browser to
begin. One may then see an index of datasets on the ACE-1 CD-ROM
organized by dataset title, scientist name, dataset keyword, or platform.
3.1.6 /mac_i
This directory contains the ACE-1 Macquarie Island data. The /mac_i
subdirectory is divided into ten subdirectories named /brec_cn, /brecufcn,
/dick, /harvey, /iss_clas, /kr_dmps, /met, /swan_dms, /whit_bt, and
/whit_rad. Each subdirectory is described below.
/brec_cn contains particle concentration (< 10nm) data in a single file
named cn_fb.dat.
/brecufcn contains particle concentration (< 3nm) data in a single file
named ufcn_fb.dat.
/dick contains bulk aerosol chemistry data in a single file named
michem.dat.
/harvey contains National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research
(NIWA) CCN data in a single file named niwaccn.dat.
/iss_clas contains the ISS high vertical resolution balloon data in
file named mmqMDDHH.dat where M is a single hex digit indicating the month
("b" for November 1995, "c" for December 1995), DD is the day, and HH is
the hour of the UTC nominal launch time. An example for 26 November
1995 at 0600 UTC is mmqb2606.dat.
/kr_dmps contains particle size distribution data in a single file named
kr_dmps.dat.
/met contains 10-minute meteorological data in a single file named
macimet.dat
/swan_dms contains DMS data in a single file named dms_swan.dat.
/whit_bt contains the Macquarie Island radon back trajectory summary
in a single file named whit_bt.dat.
/whit_rad contains radon data in a single file named 701_mi.dat.
3.1.7 /moreinfo
The information in this directory is best viewed with a web browser,
as much of it is HTML documents. Use your web browser to open the file
index.htm to view additional information about ACE-1, including the following:
ACE-1 intercomparison times for platforms in file intercmp.htm, ACE-1 domain
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) composite with no ship/flight tracks in file
acenotrk.gif, ACE-1 domain SST composite with ship/flight tracks in file
acetrack.gif, ACE-1 daily Operations Summaries in subdirectory /daily,
ACE-1 C-130 Flight Reports in subdirectory /aircraft, and ACE-1 C-130
Project Documentation Summary in subdirectory /docsum.
/aircraft contains the ACE-1 C-130 flight reports. It is a set of HTML
documents. Use your web browser to open the file index.htm to view flight
reports.
/daily contains the ACE-1 daily operations summaries from the real-time
field catalog operated during the experiment. Use your web browser to open
the file index.htm to view the daily summaries.
/docsum contains the ACE-1 C-130 project documentation summary. Use your
web browser to open the file index.htm to view the summary.
3.1.8 /sfcsnd
This directory contains the ACE-1 upper air Australian Bureau of
Meteorology (BoM) high vertical resolution balloon data for sites Hobart
(/mhb), Laverton (/mlv), Mt. Gambier (/mmg), and Adelaide (/pad). In each
subdirectory the files are named sssMDDHH.dat where sss is the three letter
directory name or site identification, M is a single hex digit indicating the
month ("b" for November 1995, "c" for December 1995), DD is the day, and
HH is the hour of the UTC nominal launch time. An example for Adelaide on
16 November 1995 at 0600 UTC is padb1606.dat.
3.1.9 /surveyor
This directory contains the ACE-1 Southern Surveyor data divided into
nine subdirectories named /chloro, /ctd, /curr_dms, /hydro, /iss_clas, /nav,
/underway, /whit_bt, and /whit_rad. Each subdirectory is described below.
/chloro contains the chlorophyll data in a single file named
s1195chl.dat.
/ctd contains the CTD cast data in files named YYMM9NNN.dat where
YY is the year, MM is the month, and NNN is the station number. An
example for station 65 for November 1995 is 95119065.dat.
/curr_dms contains the DMS data in a single file named curr_dms.dat.
/hydro contains the hydrology data in files named sYYMMxxx.dat where
YY is the year, MM is the month, and xxx is the station number. An example
for station 16 for November 1995 would be s9511016.dat.
/iss_clas contains the Southern Surveyor ISS high vertical resolution
balloon data in files named ssuMDDHH.dat where M is a single hex digit
indicating the month ("b" for November 1995, "c" for December 1995), DD is
the day, and HH is the hour of the UTC nominal launch time. An example,
for 6 December 1995 at 0600 UTC is ssuc0600.dat.
/nav contains the navigational data in a single file named ssnav.dat.
/underway contains the underway data in a single file named uwcomp.dat.
/whit_bt contains the Southern Surveyor radon back trajectory summary
in a single file named whit_bt.dat.
/whit_rad contains the radon data in a single file named ssrn.dat.
3.1.10 /trajgasp
This directory contains the ACE-1 model trajectories, back BoM
Global/Regional Assimilation Prognosis (GASP) for the C-130, R/V Discoverer
transitions, land, ship, and smart balloon divided between five
subdirectories named /c130, /disco, /land, /ship, and /smart. Each
subdirectory is described below.
/disco contains the model trajectories, back BoM GASP R/V Discoverer
transitions in files named YYMMDDHH.dat where YY is the year, MM is the
month, DD is the day, and HH is hour (UTC). An example for 14 November
1995 at 1800 UTC is 95111418.dat.
/land contains the model trajectories, back BoM GASP (land) in files
named YYMMDDHH.dat where YY is the year, MM is the month, DD is the day,
and HH is hour (UTC). An example for 15 November 1995 at 0000 UTC
would be 95111500.dat.
/ship contains model trajectories, back BoM GASP (ship) in files named
YYMMDDHH.dat where YY is the year, MM is the month, DD is the day, and
HH is hour (UTC). An example for 15 November 1995 at 1200 UTC is
95111512.dat.
/smart contains model trajectories, back BoM GASP (smart balloon). This
subdirectory is divided into subdirectories by balloon. Each "balloon"
subdirectory contains six data files:
b5_data.dat which contains the backwards 5-day data,
f2_botl.dat which contains the forwards 2-day bottom limit data,
f2_comp.dat which contains the forwards 2-day composite data,
f2_data.dat which contains the forwards 2-day data,
f2_isob.dat which contains the forwards 2-day isobaric data, and
f2_topl.dat which contains the forwards 2-day top limit data.
/c130 contains the model trajectories, back BoM GASP for the C-130
divided between three subdirectories named /divvel, /huebert, and /siems.
/divvel contains model trajectories, back BoM GASP divergence rates and
Subsidence Velocities for the C-130 in a single file named divvel.dat.
/huebert contains model trajectories, back BoM GASP for Huebert's
suggested averaging times for the C-130 divided between fifteen
subdirectories based on the original flight leg/sampler name. For example,
the file b0222.dat in subdirectory c321 corresponds to Huebert's sample
name C321B0222 from the C-130 Suggested Averaging Times dataset.
/siems contains model trajectories, back BoM GASP for the C-130 in files
named FFF_XX.dat where FFF is the C-130 flight number and XX indicates the
data type of either b5 for backwards 5-day or f2 for forwards 2-day. An
example for flight 18, backwards 5-day trajectory is 18_b5.dat.
3.2 ACE-1 CD-ROM 2 Directory Structure
Figure 2 - ACE-1 CD-ROM 2 Directory Structure
|____/c130
| |
| |____/cldmicro
| |____/sabl
|
|____/capegrim
| |
| |____/profiler
| |____/rass
|
|____/disco
| |
| |____/profiler
| |____/rass
|
|____/index
|
|____/model
| |
| |____/gasp_500
| |____/gasp_850
| |____/gasp_msl
|
|____/moreinfo
| |
| |____/aircraft
| |____/daily
| |____/docsum
|
|____/oper_ua
/___| |
| |
| |____/93417
| |____/93844
| |____/93986
| |____/93997
| |____/94672
| |____/94821
| |____/94865
| |____/94975
| |____/94998
|
|____/sat
| |
| |____/gms5_ir
| |____/gms5_irt
| |____/gms5_vis
| |____/gms5_vst
| |____/gms5_wv
| |____/goes7_ir
| |____/goes7_vf
| |____/goes7_vs
| |____/goes7_wv
| |____/poes_sst
|
|____/trajgasp
|
|____/trajmrf
|
|____/asc
|____/cfg
|____/gif
3.2.1 /c130
This directory is divided into two subdirectories named /cldmicro
which contains the ACE-1 C-130 cloud microphysics GIF imagery and the /sabl
subdirectory which contains the ACE-1 C-130 SABL flight summaries GIF imagery.
The files in the /cldmicro subdirectory are named rXXPPPNM.gif where
XX is the flight number, PPP is the plot type code, N is the time group,
and M is an optional letter (a, b, or c) indicating continuation of the
plot type. An example for research flight 18, droplet spectral density
part a is r18dsd1a.gif.
The /sabl subdirectory is further divided into subdirectories by flight.
The GIF imagery in these subdirectories are named MMDDHHmm.gif where MM
is the month, DD is the day, HH is the hours and mm is the minutes (UTC).
An example for 22 December 1995 for 1734 UTC is 12221734.gif.
The /sabl subdirectory is best viewed opening the "toc.htm" file in a web
browser. HTML documents in the directories include flight tracks for easy
navigation.
3.2.2 /capegrim
This directory contains the ACE-1 Cape Grim ISS profiler wind and
Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS) temperature profiles divided
between two subdirectories named /profiler and /rass, respectively. Each
subdirectory is described below.
The Cape Grim ISS profiler wind profiles are located in the /profiler
subdirectory and the files are named MMDDHHmm.gif where MM is the month,
DD is the day, HH is the hour, and mm is the minutes (UTC).
An example would for 15 November 1995 at 1223 is 11151223.gif.
The Cape Grim ISS profiler RASS temperature profiles are located in
the /rass subdirectory and are named MMDDHHmm.gif where MM is the month,
DD is the day, HH is the hour, and mm is the minutes (UTC).
An example would for 3 December 1995 at 1223 is 12031223.gif.
3.2.3 /disco
This directory contains the ACE-1 R/V Discoverer ISS profiler wind
and RASS temperature profiles divided between two subdirectories named
/profiler and /rass, respectively. Each subdirectory is described below.
The R/V Discoverer ISS profiler wind profiles are located in the
/profiler subdirectory and the files are named MMDDHHmm.gif where MM is
the month, DD is the day, HH is the hour, and mm is the minutes (UTC).
An example would for 18 November 1995 at 0011 hours is 11180011.gif.
The R/V Discoverer ISS profiler RASS temperature profiles are
located in the /rass subdirectory and are named MMDDHHmm.gif where MM is
the month, DD is the day, HH is the hour, and mm is the minutes (UTC).
An example for 26 November 1995 at 0011 hours is 11260011.gif.
3.2.4 /index
This directory contains the master indices for all the datasets
on the ACE-1 CD-ROMs. It is a collection of HTML documents for CD
navigation. Open the file index.htm in a web browser to begin. One may
then see an index of datasets on the ACE-1 CD-ROM organized by dataset
title, scientist name, dataset keyword, or platform.
3.2.5 /model
This directory contains the ACE-1 model BoM GASP data divided
between three subdirectories named /gasp_500, /gasp_850, and /gasp_msl.
The /gasp_500 subdirectory contains the 500 mb GIF imagery. The
/gasp_850 subdirectory contains the 850 mb GIF imagery. The /gasp_msl
subdirectory contains the mean sea level analysis GIF imagery. The imagery
in each directory are named MMDDHH.gif where MM is the month, DD is
the day, HH is the hour (UTC). An example data file for 30 November 1995 at
1200 hours UTC is 113012.gif.
3.2.6 /moreinfo
The information in this directory is best viewed with a web browser,
as much of it is HTML documents. Use your web browser to open the file
index.htm to view additional information about ACE-1, including the following:
ACE-1 intercomparison times for platforms in file intercmp.htm, ACE-1 domain
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) composite with no ship/flight tracks in file
acenotrk.gif, ACE-1 domain SST composite with ship/flight tracks in file
acetrack.gif, ACE-1 daily Operations Summaries in subdirectory /daily,
ACE-1 C-130 Flight Reports in subdirectory /aircraft, and ACE-1 C-130
Project Documentation Summary in subdirectory /docsum.
/aircraft contains the ACE-1 C-130 flight reports. It is a set of HTML
document. Use your web browser to open the file index.htm to view flight
reports.
/daily contains the ACE-1 daily operations summaries from the real-time
field catalog operated during the experiment. Use your web browser to open
the file index.htm to view the daily summaries.
/docsum contains the ACE-1 C-130 project documentation summary. Use your
web browser to open the file index.htm to view the summary.
3.2.7 /oper_ua
This directory contains the ACE-1 upper air New Zealand and Australian
SkewT plots divided between nine subdirectories, one for each station
identification number (i.e, Paraparaumu (/93417), Invercargill (/93844),
Chatham Is. (/93986), Raoul Is. (/93997), Adelaide (/94672), Mount Gambier
(/94821), Laverton (/94865), Hobart (/94975), and Macquarie Is. (/94998).
Within each of these subdirectories, the files are named MMDDHH.gif where
MM is the month, DD is the day, HH is the hour (UTC). An example for
20 November 1995 at 0600 hours UTC is 112006.gif.
3.2.8 /sat
This directory contains the ACE-1 GMS-5 and GOES-7 satellite imagery
divided between ten subdirectories named /gms5_ir, /gms5_irt, /gms5_vis,
/gms5_vst, /gms5_wv, /goes7_ir, /goes7_vf, /goes7_vs, /goes7_wv, and
/poes_sst. Each subdirectory is described below.
The GMS-5 IR, IR track, visible, visible track and water vapor images
are located in the /gms5_ir, /gms5_irt, /gms5_vis, /gms5_vst, and /gms5_wv
subdirectories, respectively. In the /gms5_irt and /gms5_vst subdirectories
the files are named MMDDHHmm.gif where MM is the month, DD is the day,
HH is the hour, and mm is the minutes (UTC). An example for
1 December 1995 for 1532 hours UTC is 12011532.gif. Within the /gms5_ir,
/gms5_vis, /gms5_wv subdirectories the files are named MMDDHH.gif where
MM is the month, DD is the day, HH is the hour (UTC). An example for
14 November 1995 at 0600 hours UTC is 111406.gif.
The GOES-7 IR, visible floater, visible, and water vapor images are
located in the /goes7_ir, /goes7_vf, /goes7_vs, and /goes7_wv subdirectories,
respectively. Within these subdirectories, the files are named MMDDHH.gif
where MM is the month, DD is the day, HH is the hour (UTC). An example for
14 November 1995 at 0600 hours UTC is 111406.gif.
The /poes_sst subdirectory contains the NOAA-12 SST imagery. The
files in this subdirectory are named MMDDHH.gif where MM is the month,
DD is the day, HH is the hour (UTC). An example for 14 November 1995 at
0600 hours UTC would be 111406.gif.
3.2.9 /trajgasp
This directory contains the ACE-1 model trajectory analysis BoM GASP
imagery. The files in this directory are named MMDDHH.gif where MM is the
month, DD is the day, and HH is the hour (UTC). An example for 01 December 1995
at 0000 hours UTC is 120100.gif.
3.2.10 /trajmrf
This directory contains the ACE-1 model trajectories, back National
Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Data Assimilation
System Medium Range Forecast model (MRF) for the R/V Discoverer transit
divided between three subdirectories named /asc, /cfg, and /gif. Each
subdirectory is described below.
/asc contains the model trajectories, back NCEP MRF for R/V Discoverer
transit ASCII data (latitude, longitude, and pressure points) in files named
MMDDHH.asc where MM is the month, DD is the day, and HH is the hour (UTC).
An example for 21 October 1995 at 1200 hours UTC is 102112.asc.
/cfg contains the model trajectories, back NCEP MRF for R/V Discoverer
transit ASCII cfg Files in files named MMDDHH.cfg where MM is the month,
DD is the day, and HH is the hour (UTC). An example for 14 October 1995 is
101400.cfg.
/gif contains the model trajectories, back NCEP MRF for R/V Discoverer
transit Graphical Interchange Format (GIF) imagery in files named MMDDHH.gif
where MM is the month, DD is the day, and HH is the hour (UTC). An example
for 14 October 1995 at 0000 hours UTC is 101400.gif.
4.0 How to Obtain Additional ACE-1 Data
Additional ACE-1 data may be obtained by accessing the JOSS CODIAC System
via the World Wide Web (WWW). CODIAC offers the user a vehicle to identify
datasets of interest, the facilities to view associated metadata, and the
ability to automatically obtain data from geographically dispersed data
centers via Internet file transfer or separate media (tape, disk, etc.).
CODIAC may be accessed at the following WWW address:
http://www.joss.ucar.edu/codiac/
Further details of CODIAC are available by calling: (303) 497-8987 or
by sending email to codiac@joss.ucar.edu.
For further information or questions regarding the ACE-1 CD-ROMs
please contact JOSS at (303) 497-8987, email acecd@joss.ucar.edu, or see
the web site http://www.joss.ucar.edu/.
5.0 References
Journal of Geophysical Research: Vol. 103, 16,297-16,758.
American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C., 1998.
NOAA/PMEL (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Pacific
Marine Environmental Laboratory): ACE-1 Final Science and
Implementation Plan. NOAA/PMEL, Seattle, Washington, 1995.
UCAR (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research):
ACE-1 Data Management Plan. UCAR/Joint Office for Science Support,
Boulder, Colorado., 1995.
6.0 Acknowledgments
This set of CD-ROMs was produced by the UCAR's Joint Office for Science
Support (JOSS) under the sponsorship of the National Science Foundation.
JOSS acknowledges the following international institutions and agencies
for their support and data contribution for this CD-ROM set (listed in
alphabetical order):
Arizona State University
Australian Antarctic Division (ANARE)
Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM)
Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)
Australian Government Analytical Laboratory
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization
Brookhaven National Laboratory
CSIRO Marine Laboratories
California Institute of Technology
Cape Grim Baseline Air Pollution Station
Colorado State University
Dalhousie University
Drexel University
Georgia Institute of Technology
Institute for Tropospheric Research (Germany)
James Cook University of N. Queensland
Lund University
Massachucetts Institute of Technology
Monash University
NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory
NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Marine Laboratory
NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)
Naval Postgraduate School
New Zealand National Institute for Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)
Princeton University
Shizuoka University
Texas A&M University
U.S. National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA)
U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
University of California at Irvine
University of Colorado
University of Colorado at Denver
University of Hawaii
University of Illinois
University of Miami
University of Minnesota
University of Nevada
University of South Alabama
University of Tasmania
University of Washington
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI)
This research is a contribution to the International Global Atmospheric
Chemistry (IGAC) Core Project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere
Programme (IGBP).
Copyright (c) 1999 University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. All
rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyrights herein may
be reproduced or used in any form or by any means -- graphic, electronic, or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage
and retrieval systems -- without permission of the copyright owner. This
data and any accompanying written materials are provided "as is" without
warranty of any kind. UCAR expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind,
either express or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties
of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, and warranty of title.
UCAR does not indemnify any infringement of copyright, patent, or
trademark through use or modification of this data. UCAR does not provide
maintenance, updates, or support for the data herein.
All other products or services mentioned herein are trademarks of their
respective companies.